Chakrulo
Georgian polyphonic choral folk song
Chakrulo (Georgian: ჩაკრულო, transliterated: chak'rulo) is a Georgian polyphonic choral folk song. It is a three-part song from the region of Kakheti, dramatising preparations for a battle.[1] It is characterised by two highly ornamented individual vocal parts over a choral foundation.[2]
When Georgian vocal polyphony was recognized by UNESCO, as an Intangible Heritage masterpiece in 2001, Chakrulo was cited as a prime example.[3] Chakrulo was one of 29 musical compositions included on the Voyager Golden Records that were sent into space on Voyager 2 on 20 August 1977, and Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977.[4][5][6]
See also
- UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
- Music of Georgia (country)
References
- ^ "Chakrulo". caucasophilia.blogspot.co.uk. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
- ^ Tsitsishvili, Nino (1 June 2009). "National Ideologies in the Era of Global Fusions: Georgian Polyphonic Song as a UNESCO-sanctioned Masterpiece of Intangible Heritage". Music and Politics. III (1). doi:10.3998/mp.9460447.0003.104.
- ^ "Georgian polyphonic singing - intangible heritage - Culture Sector". UNESCO. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
- ^ Gabrichidze, Manana (25 September 2014). "The Untold Story of How "Chakrulo" Ended Up in Space". Georgian Journal. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
- ^ "Voyager - The Interstellar Mission". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. NASA. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ Sagan, Carl (1978). Murmurs of Earth : the Voyager interstellar record. Random House. pp. 154, 204–205. ISBN 0394410475.
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Voyager Golden Record
- Contents
- Voyager program
- Voyager 1
- Voyager 2
- first movement of Brandenburg Concerto No. 2, BWV 1047
- "Cavatina" from Beethoven's String Quartet No. 13
- Chakrulo
- "Dark Was the Night, Cold Was the Ground"
- "Gavotte en Rondeau" from Partita for Violin No. 3, BWV 1006
- "Izlel ye Delyo Haydutin"
- "Johnny B. Goode"
- Mugham
- Prelude and Fugue in C major, BWV 870, from The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book II
- Puspawarna
- Queen of the Night aria from The Magic Flute
- "Sacrificial Dance" from The Rite of Spring
- Songs of the Humpback Whale
- first movement of Beethoven's Symphony No. 5
- Louis Armstrong
- Valya Balkanska
- Bavarian State Opera
- with Edda Moser, conductor: Wolfgang Sawallisch
- Budapest String Quartet
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- Ludwig van Beethoven
- Chuck Berry
- Columbia Symphony Orchestra
- conductor: Igor Stravinsky
- John Cohen
- Ann Druyan
- Glenn Gould
- Arthur Grumiaux
- Guan Pinghu
- Anthony Holborne
- Kamil Jalilov
- Blind Willie Johnson
- Kesarbai Kerkar
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- Münchener Bach-Orchester
- conductor: Karl Richter
- David Munrow
- with the Early Music Consort
- K. P. H. Notoprojo
- Philharmonia Orchestra
- conductor: Otto Klemperer
- Carl Sagan
- Nick Sagan
- Laurie Spiegel
- Gorō Yamaguchi
- Category
- Commons
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