Chełmsko Śląskie | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 View of Chełmsko Śląskie with the Holy Family church | |
  Chełmsko Śląskie | |
| Coordinates: 50°40′N 16°4′E / 50.667°N 16.067°E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lower Silesian |
| County | Kamienna Góra |
| Gmina | Lubawka |
| Population | 1,900 |
Chełmsko Śląskie [ˈxɛu̯mskɔ ˈɕlɔ̃skʲɛ] (German: Schömberg) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubawka, within Kamienna Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, near the border with the Czech Republic.[1] It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-east of Lubawka, 17 km (11 mi) south of Kamienna Góra, and 86 km (53 mi) south-west of the regional capital Wrocław.
History
[edit]The settlement was first mentioned in 1207 and was granted town rights as late as 1289, when it was part of medieval Poland. The town later became part of Bohemia within the Holy Roman Empire. The town was ruled by the Krzeszów/Grüssau Abbey. After the Reformation, the residents became Protestant. Despite oppression by the Abbey and Recatholication policies in Austrian-ruled Silesia, the residents sticked to their Protestant faith. Despite order by Rudolf II to respect Protestants, the Abbey assigned a Catholic priest to the town in 1619.[2] In the 18th century, the town was annexed by Prussia and from 1871 it formed part of unified Germany.
During World War II the German Nazi government established and operated a branch of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp in the town.[3] During the war, the historical fabric of the village suffered virtually no damage.
For a time, the village was called Szymrych, and Polish resettlers from the Soviet-annexed former eastern territories and the Carpathians arrived. Under the imposed Communist regime, there was a negative attitude towards the legacy of the previous population for ideological reasons. Several buildings were destroyed. The Protestant church was used as a storehouse and the four hotels of the town disappeared. Over the years, attitude of the new citizens to the village past evolved from hostility over adaption and acclimatisation to adaption.[4]
Sights
[edit]Chełmsko Śląskie contains numerous historic buildings and structures, the oldest dating back to the Middle Ages.
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Baroque Holy Family church -
Market Square (Rynek) with historic townhouses -
Old weavers houses from 1707, called the Twelve Apostles -
Gothic sculpture of Hedwig of Silesia, High Duchess consort of Poland and patron saint of Silesia, at the Market Square
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References
[edit]- ^ "Główny Urząd Statystyczny" [Central Statistical Office] (in Polish). To search: Select "Miejscowości (SIMC)" tab, select "fragment (min. 3 znaki)" (minimum 3 characters), enter town name in the field below, click "WYSZUKAJ" (Search).
- ^ Arno Herzig. "Die Propstei Warmbrunn als Fundation der Familie Schaffgotsch". In Bahlcke Joachim (ed.). Das Haus Schaffgotsch Konfession, Politik und Gedächtnis eines schlesischen Adelgeschlechts vom Mittelalter bis zur Moderne. p. 215.
- ^ "Historia". Starostwo Powiatowe w Kamiennej Górze (in Polish). Retrieved 9 February 2020.
- ^ Monika A. Murzyn. "Die Einstellung der lokalen Bevölkerung zum Kulturerbe in einer niederschlesischen Kleinstadt. Das Beispiel Schömberg". In Andrea Langer (ed.). Der Umgang mit dem kulturellen Erbe in Deutschland und Polen im 20. Jahrhundert.
Further reading
[edit]- Franke, Arne (2005). Das schlesische Elysium – Burgen, Schlösser, Herrenhäuser und Parks im Hirschberger Tal (in German). Potsdam: Deutsches Kulturforum östliches Europa e.V. ISBN 978-3-936168-33-4.
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