Concise Command Language
Computer language
Developer(s) | Digital Equipment Corporation |
---|---|
Operating system | OS/8, TOPS-10, RSTS/E |
Platform | PDP-6, PDP-8, PDP-10, PDP-11 |
Successor | DIGITAL Command Language (DCL) |
Available in | English |
Type | Command shell |
Concise Command Language (CCL) was the term used by Digital Equipment Corporation for the Command-line interpreter / User interface supplied on several of their computing systems; its successor was named DIGITAL Command Language (DCL).
CCL provides the user with an extensive set of terminal commands.[1]
The first system to include CCL was DEC's PDP-10.[2]
History
The PDP-6 monitor came with a simple set of commands. To compile and run a FORTRAN program, one would
- .R F4 --- invoke the FORTRAN compiler
- *DTA1:PROG3=DTA2:PROG3,SUB3A,SUB3B --- specify binary output and source input
- .R LOADER 30 --- invoke the loader, allocate 30K of memory
- *DTA1:PROG3 --- specify binary object to load
- *SYS:/S --- let the loader find the appropriate subroutine libraries
- .SAVE DTA1:PROG3 --- write the executable to DTA1
- (The DOT is a monitor prompt and the Star/Asterisk is an application prompt)
The PDP-10 had CCL. Key to its improvements over its predecessor were:[2]
- multi-step commands: .EX PROG3,SUB3A,SUB3B
- would check to see if any of the 3 needed to be recompiled (and did so if necessary)
- run the object program loader (including needed subroutine libraries)
- start running the program
- advanced command file: .EX @RUNPROG3.CMD
- would run the command(s) in the .CMD file
Commands
The following table contains a list of CCL commands.[1]
CCL command (full form) | CCL command (short form) | Description |
---|---|---|
BACKSPACE | BAC | Runs CAMP. A magnetic tape or cassette is spaced backward a specified number of files or records. |
BOOT | BO | |
CCL | CCL | Disables the CCL program on the OS/8 Keyboard Monitor residing on the system device. |
COMPARE | COMP | Runs SRCCOM. Compares/shows differences between two source files. Although line by line, permits "catch up." |
COMPILE | COM | Produces binary files and/or compilation listings for specified program files. |
COPY | COP | Transfers files from one I/O device to another. |
CORE | COR | |
CREATE | CREA | Runs EDIT and opens a new file for creation. |
CREF | CREF | |
DATE | DA | |
DEASSIGN | DEA | |
DELETE | DEL | Deletes one or more files from disk or DECtape. |
DIRECT | DIR | |
EDIT | ED | Runs EDIT. Opens an already existing file for editing. |
EOF | EOF | |
EXECUTE | EXE | |
HELP | HE | Prints information on specified OS/8 programs. |
LIST | LI | |
LOAD | LO | |
MAKE | MAK | Runs TECO. Opens the specified file for output. |
MAP | MAP | Runs BITMAP. |
MUNG | MUNG | Runs a TECO Macro; command line parameters give added adaptability. |
PAL | PAL | Runs PAL8. Assembles the source file specified as the argument. |
PRI | Runs a program named LPTSPL. | |
PUNCH | PU | Runs PIP. Punches the file specified on paper tape. |
RENAME | REN | Renames one or more files on disk or DECtape. |
RES | RES | Runs RESORC. |
REWIND | REW | |
SKIP | SKIP | |
SQUISH | SQ | Runs PIP's "squeeze" / defrag tool[citation needed] |
SUBMIT | SU | Runs the BATCH program. |
TECO | TE | (Text Editor and COrrector, a sophisticated text editor with MACRO capabilities). |
TYPE | TY | |
UA | UA | |
UB | UB | |
UC | UC | |
UNLOAD | UNL | |
VERSION | VER | Prints the version numbers of the OS/8 Keyboard Monitor and CCL. |
ZERO | ZERO |
References
- ^ a b "Concise Command Language" (CCL)."OS/8 Handbook" (PDF). Digital Equipment Corporation. April 1974. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
- ^ a b Peter Clark (July 1982). "DEC TIMESHARING (1965)". The DEC Professional. p. 34.