List of submarine volcanoes
A list of active and extinct submarine volcanoes and seamounts located under the world's oceans. There are estimated to be 40,000 to 55,000 seamounts in the global oceans.[1] Almost all are not well-mapped and many may not have been identified at all. Most are unnamed and unexplored. This list is therefore confined to seamounts that are notable enough to have been named and/or explored.
List
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (October 2010) |
Name | Summit Elevation | Approximate elevation above seafloor | Location | Coordinates | Last known eruption |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adams Seamount | −39 m (−128 ft)[2] | 3,500 m (11,000 ft) | Pitcairn Islands | 25°22′S 129°16′W / 25.37°S 129.27°W / -25.37; -129.27 | 50 BC ± 1000 years |
Ampère Seamount | −55 m (−180 ft) | 4,445 m (15,000 ft) | Portugal | 35°05′N 12°33′W / 35.08°N 12.55°W / 35.08; -12.55 | |
Axial Seamount | −1,400 m (−4,590 ft) | United States | 45°33′N 130°00′W / 45.55°N 130.00°W / 45.55; -130.00 | 2015 | |
Banc Capel | France | 24°45.70′S 159°42.13′E / 24.76167°S 159.70217°E / -24.76167; 159.70217 | |||
Banua Wuhu | −5 m (−16 ft)[3] | 400 m (1,300 ft) | Indonesia | 3°08′17″N 125°29′28″E / 3.138°N 125.491°E / 3.138; 125.491 | 1919 |
Bear Seamount | −1,100 m (−3,610 ft) | 2,000 m (6,560 ft) | United States | 39°55′N 67°24′W / 39.92°N 67.4°W / 39.92; -67.4 | |
Bounty Seamount | −450 m (−1,480 ft) | 3,950 m (13,000 ft) | Pitcairn Islands | 25°11′S 129°23′W / 25.183°S 129.383°W / -25.183; -129.383 | |
Bowie Seamount | −24 m (−79 ft) | 3,000 m (9,800 ft) | Canada | 53°18′N 135°38′W / 53.3°N 135.63°W / 53.3; -135.63 | 18,000 BP |
Brothers Volcano | −1,350 m (−4,430 ft) | New Zealand | 34°52′30″S 179°04′30″E / 34.875°S 179.075°E / -34.875; 179.075 | ||
Campi Flegrei Mar Sicilia | −8 m (−26 ft)[4] | Italy | 37°06′N 12°42′E / 37.1°N 12.7°E / 37.1; 12.7 | 1867 | |
Clark | −860 m (−2,820 ft) | New Zealand | 36°27′58″S 177°50′20″E / 36.466°S 177.839°E / -36.466; 177.839 | ||
Cobb Seamount | −34 m (−110 ft) | 2,743 m (8,999 ft) | United States | 46°44′N 130°47′W / 46.733°N 130.783°W / 46.733; -130.783 | |
Cortes Bank | −1 m (−3.3 ft) | United States | 32°28′41″N 119°12′54″W / 32.478°N 119.215°W / 32.478; -119.215 | ||
Cotton Volcano | −950 m (−3,120 ft) | New Zealand | 35°03′S 178°59′E / 35.05°S 178.99°E / -35.05; 178.99 | ||
Dom João de Castro Bank | −14 m (−46 ft) | Portugal | 38°14′N 26°38′W / 38.23°N 26.63°W / 38.23; -26.63 | 1720 | |
Empedocles | −7 m (−23 ft) | 400 m (1,300 ft) | Italy | 37°09′49″N 12°43′07″E / 37.16361°N 12.71861°E / 37.16361; 12.71861 | |
Emperor of China | −2,850 m (−9,350 ft) | Indonesia | 6°37′S 124°13′E / 6.62°S 124.22°E / -6.62; 124.22 | ||
Ferdinandea Island | −8 m (−26 ft)[5] | 63 m (207 ft) | Italy | 37°10′N 12°43′E / 37.167°N 12.717°E / 37.167; 12.717 | 1863 |
Fonuafoʻou | −17 m (−55.8 ft) | Tonga | 20°19′S 175°25′W / 20.32°S 175.42°W / -20.32; -175.42 | 1993 | |
Foundation Seamounts | South Pacific Ocean | 35°S 120°W / 35°S 120°W / -35; -120 | 2001 | ||
Fukutoku-Okanoba | −29 m (−95 ft)[6] | Japan | 24°16′48″N 141°29′06″E / 24.28°N 141.485°E / 24.28; 141.485 | 2021[citation needed] | |
Giggenbach Volcano | −65 m (−213 ft) | New Zealand | 30°02′10″S 178°42′43″E / 30.036°S 178.712°E / -30.036; 178.712 | ||
Gorringe Ridge | −25 m (−82 ft) | Portugal | 36°28′36″N 11°35′1″W / 36.47667°N 11.58361°W / 36.47667; -11.58361 | ||
Graveyard Seamounts | −750 m (−2,460 ft) | −400 m (−1,310 ft) | New Zealand | 42°45′S 180°0′W / 42.750°S 180.000°W / -42.750; -180.000 | Cenozoic |
Havre Seamount | −720 m (−2,360 ft) | 1,030 m (3,400 ft) | New Zealand | 31°07′S 179°00′W / 31.11°S 179.00°W / -31.11; -179.00 | 2012 |
Healy | −980 m (−3,220 ft) | New Zealand | 34°59′S 179°00′E / 34.98°S 179.00°E / -34.98; 179.00 | 1360 | |
Hebrides Terrace Seamount | −980 m (−3,220 ft) | 1,400 m (4,593 ft) | United Kingdom | 56°17′N 10°10′W / 56.28°N 10.17°W / 56.28; -10.17 | Cenozoic |
Home Reef | −10 m (−33 ft)[7] | Tonga | 18°59′28″S 174°45′47″W / 18.99111°S 174.76306°W / -18.99111; -174.76306 | 2006 | |
Jasper Seamount | −70 m (−230 ft) | 3,300 m (10,827 ft) | Mexico | 30°26.40′N 122°44.40′W / 30.44000°N 122.74000°W / 30.44000; -122.74000 | |
Kamaʻehuakanaloa Seamount (Lōʻihi) | −969 m (−3,180 ft) | 3,000 m (9,840 ft) | United States | 18°55′N 155°16′W / 18.92°N 155.27°W / 18.92; -155.27 | 1996 |
Kelvin Seamount | United States | 38°29′N 63°35′W / 38.48°N 63.59°W / 38.48; -63.59 | |||
Kemp Caldera | −80 m (−262 ft)[8] | United Kingdom | 59°42′S 28°15′W / 59.700°S 28.250°W / -59.700; -28.250 | ||
Kick 'em Jenny | −185 m (−607 ft) | 1,300 m (4,270 ft) | Grenada | 12°18′N 61°38′W / 12.30°N 61.64°W / 12.30; -61.64 | 2015 |
Kolumbo | −10 m (−33 ft) | Greece | 36°31′00″N 25°29′30″E / 36.51667°N 25.49167°E / 36.51667; 25.49167 | 1650 | |
Kuwae | Vanuatu | 16°51′S 168°31′E / 16.85°S 168.52°E / -16.85; 168.52 | |||
Macdonald seamount | −40 m (−131 ft) | 4,200 m (13,800 ft) | French Polynesia | 28°58.7′S 140°15.5′W / 28.9783°S 140.2583°W / -28.9783; -140.2583 | 1989 |
Marsili | −450 m (−1,480 ft) | 3,000 m (9,800 ft) | Italy | 39°15′00″N 14°23′40″E / 39.25000°N 14.39444°E / 39.25000; 14.39444 | |
Moai | 2,500 m (8,200 ft) | Easter Island | 27°06′S 109°51′W / 27.1°S 109.85°W / -27.1; -109.85 | 100,000 BCE | |
Monaco Bank | −197 m (−646 ft) | Portugal | 37°36′N 25°53′W / 37.6°N 25.88°W / 37.6; -25.88 | 1911 | |
Monowai Seamount | −132 m (−433 ft) | New Zealand | 25°53′13″S 177°11′17″W / 25.887°S 177.188°W / -25.887; -177.188 | 2008 | |
Muirfield Seamount | −16 m (−52.5 ft) | 4,800 m (16,000 ft) | Australia | 13°13′30″S 96°7′30″E / 13.22500°S 96.12500°E / -13.22500; 96.12500 | |
Myōjin-shō | −11 m (−36.1 ft) | Japan | 31°55.1′N 140°1.3′E / 31.9183°N 140.0217°E / 31.9183; 140.0217 | ||
Nadir Seamount | −900 m (−3,000 ft)[9] | Guinea | 8°45′N 16°55′W / 8.750°N 16.917°W / 8.750; -16.917 | ||
Nieuwerkerk | −2,285 m (−7,500 ft) | Indonesia | 6°36′00″S 124°40′30″E / 6.60°S 124.675°E / -6.60; 124.675 | ||
Ōmurodashi | Japan | 34°32′48″N 139°26′30″E / 34.54667°N 139.44167°E / 34.54667; 139.44167 | active | ||
Orca Seamount | 500 m (1,640 ft) | British Antarctic Territory | 62°26′00″S 58°24′00″W / 62.433334°S 58.400002°W / -62.433334; -58.400002 | inactive | |
Palinuro Seamount | 70 m (230 ft) | Italy | 39°29′04″N 14°49′44″E / 39.48455°N 14.82892°E / 39.48455; 14.82892 | 8040 BCE | |
Patton Seamount | −160 m (−520 ft)[10] | 3,900 m (12,795 ft) | United States | 54°34.80′N 150°26.40′W / 54.58000°N 150.44000°W / 54.58000; -150.44000 | 33 Million Years Ago |
Protector Shoal | −55 m (−180 ft) | 1,200 m (3,900 ft) | South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | 56°01′S 28°25′W / 56.017°S 28.417°W / -56.017; -28.417 | 1962 |
Pukao | 2,500 m (8,200 ft) | Easter Island | 26°55′56″S 110°14′56″W / 26.9323°S 110.2490°W / -26.9323; -110.2490 | ||
Rumble I | −1,100 m (−3,610 ft) | New Zealand | 35°30′S 178°54′E / 35.5°S 178.9°E / -35.5; 178.9 | ||
Rumble II | −880 m (−2,890 ft) | New Zealand | 35°24′S 178°36′E / 35.4°S 178.6°E / -35.4; 178.6 | ||
Rumble III | −140 m (−459 ft) | New Zealand | 35°44′42″S 178°28′41″E / 35.745°S 178.478°E / -35.745; 178.478 | 1986 | |
Rumble IV | −450 m (−1,480 ft) | New Zealand | 36°08′S 178°03′E / 36.13°S 178.05°E / -36.13; 178.05 | ||
Rumble V | −1,100 m (−3,610 ft) | New Zealand | 36°08′20″S 178°11′49″E / 36.139°S 178.197°E / -36.139; 178.197 | ||
Sedlo Seamount | −660 m (−2,170 ft) | 2,340 m (7,680 ft) | Azores | 40°12.8′N 26°15.8′W / 40.2133°N 26.2633°W / 40.2133; -26.2633 | |
Submarine 1922 | −5,000 m (−16,400 ft) | Indonesia | 3°58′N 124°10′E / 3.97°N 124.17°E / 3.97; 124.17 | ||
Suiyo Seamount | −1,418 m (−4,650 ft) | Japan | 28°36′0″N 140°38′0″E / 28.60000°N 140.63333°E / 28.60000; 140.63333 | ||
Supply Reef | −8 m (−26 ft)[11] | Northern Mariana Islands | 20°08′N 145°06′E / 20.13°N 145.1°E / 20.13; 145.1[11] | 1989[11] | |
Tagoro | Spain | 27°36′55″N 18°01′35″W / 27.6153°N 18.0264°W / 27.6153; -18.0264 | 2011 | ||
Taney Seamounts | United States | 20°07′48″N 125°20′15″E / 20.13°N 125.3375°E / 20.13; 125.3375 | |||
Tangaroa | −600 m (−1,970 ft) | New Zealand | 36°19′16″S 178°01′41″E / 36.321°S 178.028°E / -36.321; 178.028 | ||
Tuzo Wilson Seamounts | Canada | 51°24′N 130°54′W / 51.4°N 130.9°W / 51.4; -130.9 | Holocene | ||
Vailuluʻu | −590 m (−1,940 ft) | American Samoa | 14°12′54″S 169°3′30″W / 14.21500°S 169.05833°W / -14.21500; -169.05833 | ||
Vavilov | −800 m (−2,600 ft) | Italy | 39°52′N 12°35′E / 39.86°N 12.59°E / 39.86; 12.59 | ||
Vema seamount | −26 m (−85 ft) | 4,900 m (16,100 ft) | South Atlantic Ocean | 31°38′S 8°20′E / 31.633°S 8.333°E / -31.633; 8.333 | 11 Million Years Ago |
Volcano W | −900 m (−2,950 ft) | New Zealand | 31°51′S 179°11′E / 31.85°S 179.18°E / -31.85; 179.18 | ||
Unnamed volcano (Ibugos) | −24 m (−79 ft) | Philippines | 20°20′N 121°45′E / 20.33°N 121.75°E / 20.33; 121.75 | 1854 | |
Walters Shoals | −18 m (−59.1 ft) | 4,750 m (15,580 ft) | Indian Ocean | 33°12′S 43°50′E / 33.200°S 43.833°E / -33.200; 43.833 | |
West Mata | −1,100 m (−3,610 ft) | Tonga | 15°06′S 173°45′W / 15.1°S 173.75°W / -15.1; -173.75 | 2009 | |
Whakatāne Seamount | −900 m (−2,950 ft) | New Zealand | 36°49′S 177°28′E / 36.817°S 177.467°E / -36.817; 177.467 | ||
Wright | −750 m (−2,460 ft) | New Zealand | 31°30′S 179°12′E / 31.5°S 179.2°E / -31.5; 179.2 | ||
Yersey | −3,800 m (−12,500 ft) | Indonesia | 7°32′S 123°57′E / 7.53°S 123.95°E / -7.53; 123.95 |
See also
- Lists of volcanoes
- Submarine volcanoes topics
- Submarine topography
- List of seamounts in the Southern Ocean
References
- ^ Kim, Seung-Sep; Wessel, Paul (2011). "New global seamount census from altimetry-derived gravity data". Geophysical Journal International. 186 (2): 615–631. Bibcode:2011GeoJI.186..615K. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05076.x.
- ^ "Adams Seamount". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2017-02-28.
- ^ "Banua Wuhu". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2017-02-28.
- ^ "Campi Flegrei Mar Sicilia". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2017-02-28.
- ^ Bird, Maryann (20 March 2000). "Fire from the Sea". Time magazine. Archived from the original on 2011-12-14. Retrieved 4 January 2018.
- ^ "Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2017-02-28.
- ^ "Home Reef". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2017-02-28.
- ^ Leat, P. T.; Pearce, J. A.; Barker, P. F.; Millar, I. L.; Barry, T. L.; Larter, R. D. (30 October 2004). "Magma genesis and mantle flow at a subducting slab edge: the South Sandwich arc-basin system". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 227 (1): 17–35. Bibcode:2004E&PSL.227...17L. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.08.016. ISSN 0012-821X.
- ^ "Marine Gazetteer Placedetails". www.marineregions.org/gazetteer. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
MRGID 5093
- ^ Chaytor, J. D.; Keller, R. A.; Duncan, R. A.; Dziak, R. P. (2007). "Seamount morphology in the Bowie and Cobb hot spot trails, Gulf of Alaska". Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 8 (9): Q09016. Bibcode:2007GGG.....8.9016C. doi:10.1029/2007GC001712.
- ^ a b c "Supply Reef". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
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