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List of tallest buildings in Warsaw

Tall buildings in Warsaw
Warsaw's skyline in 2022
Tallest buildingVarso Tower (2022)
Tallest building height310 m (1,020 ft)
First 150 m+ buildingPalace of Culture and Science (1955)
Number of tall buildings
Buildings taller than 100 m32 (2025)
Buildings taller than 150 m13 (2025)
Buildings taller than 200 m4
Buildings taller than 300 m1
A street-level view of Warsaw's skyscrapers
Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap

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Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is a major political, economic, and cultural centre in Central Europe, with a metropolitan area of over 3.2 million inhabitants. Warsaw is home to most of the tallest skyscrapers in Poland. The city is home to 32 high-rises taller than 100 m (328 ft), 13 of which have a height greater than 150 m (492 ft). Warsaw's skyline is the largest in Poland, and one of the largest in the European Union, rivalled only by that of Frankfurt and the Paris region. The tallest building in Warsaw is the 310 m (1,020 ft), 53-storey Varso Tower, which is also the tallest building in the European Union.[1]

After the razing of Warsaw during World War II, the city was rebuilt under the Polish People's Republic. The Palace of Culture and Science, offered as a gift to Poland by the Soviet Union, was completed in 1955. At the time, it was one of the tallest buildings in the world, and the second tallest building outside of New York City. For much of the remaining 20th century, the Stalinist tower was by far the tallest landmark on the skyline, as little skyscraper development occurred; however, the addition of "blockhouse" estates throughout the city was common.

Following Poland's democratic and economic transition in 1989, high-rise construction surged in Warsaw, a trend that has continued since. The city's skyline has dramatically transformed during the 21st century, roughly tripling in size from 10 buildings over 100 m (328 ft) in height to 32 such buildings in 2025. Eight of the ten tallest buildings in Warsaw were finished after 2000. The majority of skyscrapers in Warsaw are office towers, reflecting the city's role as a financial hub. In 2022, the Varso Tower overtook the Palace of Culture and Science as Warsaw's tallest building. It is the tallest building in Europe outside of Russia.

Warsaw's skysrapers are primarily concentrated in the central district of Śródmieście (often anglicized as Downtown), and Wola to its west. Śródmieście was the central focal point for the city's skyline from the 2000s to 2010s, but developments in the early 2020s have extended the skyline towards Wola. There are a few skyscrapers located outside the city centre, such as Forest in the northern neighbourhood of Powązki.

History

[edit]

Number of buildingsYear05101520253035195019601970198019902000201020202030Buildings taller than 100 m (328 ft)Buildings taller than 150 m (492 ft)Buildings taller than 200 m (656 ft)Growth of skyscrapers in Warsaw by year

1900s–1940s

[edit]
Prudential House, after suffering extensive damage during the Warsaw Uprising

The earliest high-rise in Warsaw, the 11-storey PASTa was completed in 1908. Originally housing the Swedish telephone firm Cedergren, it acquired its current name when it became the headquarters for PAST, the Polish Telephone Joint-stock Company, in 1922. According to some sources, it was the tallest building in the Russian Empire at the time.[2][3] Another early skyscraper was Prudential House (now known as the Hotel Warszawa), a 17-storey high-rise built between 1931 and 1933 in the Art Deco style. At the time, it was one of the tallest skyscrapers in Europe. Prudential House "exemplied pure functionalism" with a simple cuboid form accentuated by geometric pilasters and a stepped narrowing of the upper floors.[4] It originally served as the headquarters of the British insurance company Prudential.[5] In 1936, the first television transmitter in Poland was installed on its roof.[6]

Both buildings played a role during the Warsaw Uprising in World War II, with the PASTa building considered a strategic target by insurgents, as it was heavily defended by the Germans. The rebels succeeded in taking it on the 20th of August.[3][7] The insurgents also gained control of Prudential House, and the Polish flag was briefly hung from the top. According to historian Alexandra Richie, when the flag was hoisted, "people left their homes just to look at it, crying and laughing and spontaneously singing the national anthem”. The building was later hit by a 2-ton German missile and approximately 1,000 artillery shells, which heavily damaged the building.[8] Prudential House survived, and was rebuilt after the war as a hotel. Its design style was changed from early modern to socialist realism. The Hotel Warszawa opened in 1954 and included 375 rooms, a large restaurant, a café and a night club.[9]

1950s–1980s

[edit]
A 1960 photo of the Palace of Culture and Science

After World War II, Poland came under the control of a communist government, and the Polish People's Republic was proclaimed in 1952. In the same year, an agreement to built a new tower was signed between the Polish government and the Soviet Union. It was presented as a "gift" to the people of Poland.[10][11] Construction of the Palace of Culture and Science began in May of 1952, and the skyscraper was completed in 1955. The tower was built using Soviet plans. It is estimated that between 3,500 and 5,000 Soviet guest workers and 4,000 local Polish workers participated in the project.[12] The building shared many similarities to the Seven Sisters, a group of seven Stalinist skyscrapers in Moscow. Soviet-Russian architect Lev Rudnev incorporated Polish architectural details into the project after travelling around the country. For example, the parapets are modeled on Renaissance houses and the palaces of Kraków and Zamość.[13]

Upon completion, at a height of 231 metres (737 ft), the tower was dedicated to Joseph Stalin, who had died two years prior. The Palace of Culture and Science was one of the tallest buildings in the world, and the second tallest in Europe and outside of New York City as a whole, only being surpassed by one of the Seven Sisters, the main building of the Moscow State University. Being significantly taller than any other building in Warsaw, the skyscraper dominated the city's skyline. The skyscraper remains controversial, as it is often viewed as a symbol of Soviet domination over Poland.[14] Various politicians and nationalist groups, such as prime minister Mateusz Morawiecki, have called for its demolition.[15][16][17] Polling has found that a comfortable majority of Poles would not support demolishing the building.[18]

The original orange facade of the Novotel Warszawa Centrum

Besides the Palace of Culture and Science, post-war high-rise development was nearly absent otherwise until the 1970s. The next building to surpass 100 m (328 ft) in height was the Hotel Orbis Forum (now named the Novotel Warszawa Centrum) in 1974, built by the state-owned travel monopoly Orbis. The building's flat, rectangular shape, with rows of small windows and a brown facade, earned it the nickname "the chocolate bar". The building attracted artists such as ABBA, who stayed at the hotel in 1976.[19][3] Intraco, an office tower in the Gdański Business Center, north of the city centre, was built in 1975. It was once home to Poland's Foreign Trade Headquarters (Centrala Handlu Zagranicznego). In 2025, it was announced that Intraco would be demolished and replaced with a new skyscraper, following attempts to modernize the building.[20][21]

1990s–present

[edit]
Warsaw's skyline in 2012
Varso Tower under construction (centre), with Złota 44 to the right

From 1989 to 1991, Poland engaged in a democratic transition which put an end to the Polish People's Republic and led to the foundation of a democratic government. The rate of skyscraper development notably increased from the 1990s onwards as the Polish economy boomed, leading Warsaw to become known for its modern skyline. Work on the Błękitny Wieżowiec (Blue Skyscraper) had begun in the 1960s, but construction was intermittent until its eventual completion in 1991.[22] The tower sits on the site of the former Great Synagogue, which was destroyed by the Nazis in World War II.[23][24] New towers built in this decade include the Orco Tower (now Central Tower), the Warsaw Financial Center, and the Warsaw Trade Tower, the latter of which became the city's second tallest building upon completion in 1999.

Warsaw's building boom continued into the 2000s, primarily building office skyscrapers such as Spektrum Tower (2001) and Rondo 1 (2006). However, the tallest building completed that decade was the InterContinental Warsaw in 2003, which had a height of 164 m (536 ft). It is known for its distinctive shape, with a section on the lower floors of the building appearing to be "cut out".[25] The city's building boom was momentarily halted by the Great Recession from 2007 until the mid-2010s. There was a marked increase in height when the construction spree resumed, with all but four of Warsaw's skyscrapers taller than 150 m (492 ft) built after 2014.

Skyliner and other new skyscrapers in Wola

The two tallest skyscrapers built in the 2010s were Warsaw Spire and Złota 44, both completed in 2016. Warsaw Spire, in Wola, is noted for its electronic sign that reads Kocham Warszawę ("I Love Warsaw" in English).[26] The sail-shaped Złota 44 was designed by Polish-born architect Daniel Libeskind,[27] who was inspired by the shape of an eagle's wing, symbolizing freedom and a changing Warsaw.[28][29] The building's construction was slow and beset with financing issues, having been completed four years after topping out in 2012. With Warsaw Spire, Wola has emerged as a major area for skyscraper construction.[30] Further additions to Wola have enlarged the skyline westwards in the early 2020s, including the skyscrapers Warsaw Unit and Skyliner, both finished in 2021. Directly north of Warsaw Spire, The Bridge was completed in 2025. A multi-tower project, Towarowa 22, is underway in Wola, on the site of Dom Słowa Polskiego (The House of the Polish Word), a former printing house, and an old shopping centre. The complex will include five skyscrapers up to 150 m (492 ft).[31][32]

The Palace of Culture and Sciences, which had been Warsaw's tallest building for over 60 years, was finally surpassed in height by Varso Tower when it topped out in 2021. Varso Tower opened in 2022. It is the sixth-tallest building in Europe, the tallest in the European Union, and the tallest in Europe outside of Russia. The skyscrapers has a rectilinear form consisting of three volumes that stagger into one as they reach its tallest point at 230 m (755 ft). About a quarter of the building's height comes from its 80 m (262 ft) spire.[33] The building has a direct link with the adjacent Warsaw Central Station.[34] Two shorter buildings, named Varso 1 and Varso 2, are located next to the main tower. An observation deck is planned to open in 2025.[35]

Cityscape

[edit]
A panorama of Warsaw in 2020, featuring the Palace of Culture and Science (centre) and Złota 44 directly to its right

Map of tallest buildings

[edit]

This map shows the locations of buildings in Warsaw taller than 100 m (328 ft). Each marker is coloured by the decade of the building's completion. This map includes almost all buildings in Warsaw taller than that height; the exceptions are Forest, Intraco I, and Błękitny Wieżowiec, all of which are located north of the city centre.

Map
About OpenStreetMaps
Maps: terms of use
170m
185yds
32
32 Błękitny Wieżowiec*
32 Błękitny Wieżowiec*
31
30
30 Towarowa Tower (South)
30 Towarowa Tower (South)
29
29 Towarowa Tower (North)
29 Towarowa Tower (North)
28
27
27 Novotel Warszawa Centrum
27 Novotel Warszawa Centrum
26
26 Intraco I*
26 Intraco I*
25
25 Atlas Tower
25 Atlas Tower
24
24 Łucka City
24 Łucka City
23
23 Orco Tower
23 Orco Tower
22
22 Forest*
22 Forest*
21
21 Spektrum Tower
21 Spektrum Tower
20
20 Warsaw Hub 2
20 Warsaw Hub 2
19
19 Warsaw Hub 1
19 Warsaw Hub 1
18
18 Oxford Tower
18 Oxford Tower
17
17 Generation Park Y
17 Generation Park Y
16
16 Mennica Legacy Tower (East)
16 Mennica Legacy Tower (East)
15
15 LIM Center
15 LIM Center
14
14 Warsaw Financial Center
14 Warsaw Financial Center
13
13 Skysawa
13 Skysawa
12
12 Q22
12 Q22
11
11 Rondo 1
11 Rondo 1
10
10 InterContinental Warsaw
10 InterContinental Warsaw
9
9 Cosmopolitan Twarda 2/4
9 Cosmopolitan Twarda 2/4
8
8 The Bridge
8 The Bridge
7
7 Warsaw Trade Tower
7 Warsaw Trade Tower
6
6 Złota 44
6 Złota 44
5
5 Skyliner
5 Skyliner
4
4 Warsaw Unit
4 Warsaw Unit
3
3 Warsaw Spire
3 Warsaw Spire
2
2 Palace of Culture and Science
2 Palace of Culture and Science
1
1 Varso Tower
1 Varso Tower
Buildings taller than 100 m (328 ft) in [city]. An asterisk (*) next to the building's name indicates it is located outside the map.
  •  1950s and before 
  •  1960s 
  •  1970s 
  •  1980s 
  •  1990s 
  •  2000s 
  •  2010s 
  •  2020s 
1
Varso Tower
2
Palace of Culture and Science
3
Warsaw Spire
4
Warsaw Unit
5
Skyliner
6
Złota 44
7
Warsaw Trade Tower
8
The Bridge
9
Cosmopolitan Twarda 2/4
10
InterContinental Warsaw
11
Rondo 1
12
Q22
13
Skysawa
14
Warsaw Financial Center
15
LIM Center
16
Mennica Legacy Tower (East)
17
Generation Park Y
18
Oxford Tower
19
Warsaw Hub 1
20
Warsaw Hub 2
21
Spektrum Tower
22
Forest*
23
Orco Tower
24
Łucka City
25
Atlas Tower
26
Intraco I*
27
Novotel Warszawa Centrum
28
Skylight
29
Towarowa Tower (North)
30
Towarowa Tower (South)
31
PZU Tower
32
Błękitny Wieżowiec*

Tallest buildings

[edit]

This lists ranks skyscrapers and high-rise buildings in Warsaw that stand at least 100 m (330 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement as of 2025 This includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building was completed.

  Was the tallest building in Warsaw upon completion
Rank Name Image Coordinates Height

m (ft)

Floors Purpose Year Notes
1 Varso Tower 52°13′44″N 21°00′01″E / 52.228832°N 21.000237°E / 52.228832; 21.000237 (Varso Tower) 310 (1,020) 53 Office 2022 [36][37][38]Tallest building in Warsaw, in Poland, and in the European Union since 2022. The only supertall skyscraper in the European Union. Tallest building completed in Warsaw in the 2020s. The spire has a height of 80 m (260 ft).
2 Palace of Culture and Science 52°13′55″N 21°00′22″E / 52.231834°N 21.006186°E / 52.231834; 21.006186 (Palace of Culture and Science) 230.7 (757) 42 Office 1955 [39][40]Tallest building in Warsaw and in Poland from 1955 to. Tallest building completed in Warsaw in the 1950s and in the 20th century as a whole.
3 Warsaw Spire 52°13′56″N 20°59′03″E / 52.232185°N 20.98407°E / 52.232185; 20.98407 (Warsaw Spire) 220 (720) 49 Office 2016 [41]Tallest building completed in Warsaw in the 2010s.
4 Warsaw Unit
52°13′49″N 20°59′08″E / 52.230148°N 20.985556°E / 52.230148; 20.985556 (Warsaw Unit) 200.7 (658) 46 Office 2021 [42][43]
5 Skyliner 52°13′46″N 20°59′01″E / 52.229382°N 20.983522°E / 52.229382; 20.983522 (Skyliner) 195.1 (640) 45 Office 2021 [44][45]
6 Złota 44 52°13′53″N 21°00′09″E / 52.231274°N 21.002586°E / 52.231274; 21.002586 (Złota 44) 192 (630) 52 Residential 2016 [46]Tallest residential building in Warsaw.
7 Warsaw Trade Tower 52°14′07″N 20°58′57″E / 52.235352°N 20.982428°E / 52.235352; 20.982428 (Warsaw Trade Tower) 187.2 (614) 43 Office 1999 [47]Tallest building completed in Warsaw in the 1990s.
8 The Bridge 52°14′00″N 20°59′00″E / 52.233299°N 20.983431°E / 52.233299; 20.983431 (The Bridge) 174 (571) 40 Office 2025 [48]
9 Cosmopolitan Twarda 2/4 52°14′08″N 21°00′06″E / 52.235519°N 21.001726°E / 52.235519; 21.001726 (Cosmopolitan Twarda 2/4) 165.4 (543) 45 Residential 2014 [49]
10 InterContinental Warsaw 52°13′56″N 21°00′09″E / 52.232357°N 21.002447°E / 52.232357; 21.002447 (InterContinental Warsaw) 163.5 (536) 45 Hotel 2003 [50]Tallest hotel building in Warsaw. Tallest building completed in Warsaw in the 2000s.
11 Rondo 1 52°13′58″N 20°59′58″E / 52.232712°N 20.999582°E / 52.232712; 20.999582 (Rondo 1) 159.2 (522) 40 Office 2006 [51]
12 Q22 52°14′08″N 20°59′53″E / 52.235497°N 20.998104°E / 52.235497; 20.998104 (Q22) 155 (509) 42 Office 2016 [52][53]
13 Skysawa 52°14′02″N 21°00′00″E / 52.233833°N 20.999876°E / 52.233833; 20.999876 (Skysawa) 155 (509) 36 Office 2022 [54][55]
14 Warsaw Financial Center 52°14′01″N 21°00′06″E / 52.233486°N 21.0016°E / 52.233486; 21.0016 (Warsaw Financial Center) 143.9 (472) 35 Office 1999 [56]
15 LIM Center 52°13′40″N 21°00′17″E / 52.227699°N 21.004829°E / 52.227699; 21.004829 (LIM Center) 140 (460) 43 Mixed-use 1989 [57]Also known by its Polish name, Centrum LIM, or the Hotel Marriott. Mixed-use office and hotel skyscraper.
16 Mennica Legacy Tower, East Building 52°13′58″N 20°59′34″E / 52.232754°N 20.992855°E / 52.232754; 20.992855 (Mennica Legacy Tower, East Building) 140 (460) 35 Office 2020 [58]
17 Generation Park Y 52°13′52″N 20°59′07″E / 52.231049°N 20.985161°E / 52.231049; 20.985161 (Generation Park Y) 140 (460) 38 Office 2021 [59]
18 Oxford Tower 52°13′34″N 21°00′15″E / 52.226215°N 21.004057°E / 52.226215; 21.004057 139 (456) 42 Office 1978 [60]Also known by its address, Chałubińskiego 8
19 Warsaw Hub 1 52°13′42″N 20°59′05″E / 52.2282761°N 20.9848366°E / 52.2282761; 20.9848366 (Warsaw Hub 1) 130.3 (427) 32 Office 2020 [61]
20 Warsaw Hub 2 52°13′44″N 20°59′05″E / 52.228864°N 20.9847948°E / 52.228864; 20.9847948 (Warsaw Hub 2) 130.3 (427) 32 Office 2020 [62]
21 Spektrum Tower 52°14′05″N 20°59′58″E / 52.234798°N 20.999336°E / 52.234798; 20.999336 (Spektrum Tower) 122 (400) 30 Office 2001 [63]Formerly known as TP S.A. Tower
22 Forest 52°15′21″N 20°58′49″E / 52.255798°N 20.980278°E / 52.255798; 20.980278 (Forest) 120 (390) 29 Office 2022 [64]
23 Orco Tower 52°13′37″N 21°00′06″E / 52.226982°N 21.001642°E / 52.226982; 21.001642 (Orco Tower) 115 (377) 26 Office 1996 [65]Also known as Central Towr or FIM Tower
24 Łucka City 52°13′55″N 20°59′16″E / 52.231968°N 20.987797°E / 52.231968; 20.987797 (Łucka City) 112 (367) 30 Residential 2004 [66]
25 Atlas Tower 52°13′29″N 20°59′29″E / 52.224701°N 20.991365°E / 52.224701; 20.991365 (Atlas Tower) 112 (367) 28 Office 1999 [67]Formerly known as Millennium Plaza.
26 Intraco I 52°15′16″N 20°59′48″E / 52.254555°N 20.996536°E / 52.254555; 20.996536 (Intraco I) 107 (351) 39 Office 1975 [68]
27 Novotel Warszawa Centrum 52°13′46″N 21°00′48″E / 52.229404°N 21.013371°E / 52.229404; 21.013371 (Novotel Warszawa Centrum) 106 (348) 33 Hotel 1974 [69]
28 Skylight 52°13′49″N 21°00′13″E / 52.230312°N 21.003574°E / 52.230312; 21.003574 (Skylight) 105 (344) 26 Office 2007 [70]Part of the Złote Tarasy complex, or Golden Terraces in English
29 Towarowa Tower (North) 52°13′46″N 20°59′11″E / 52.229469°N 20.986254°E / 52.229469; 20.986254 (Towarowa Tower (North)) 105 (344) 29 Residential 2024 [71]
30 Towarowa Tower (South) 52°13′45″N 20°59′12″E / 52.229095°N 20.986687°E / 52.229095; 20.986687 (Towarowa Tower (South)) 105 (344) 29 Residential 2024 [71]
31 PZU Tower 52°14′11″N 20°59′52″E / 52.236431°N 20.997744°E / 52.236431; 20.997744 (PZU Tower) 104 (341) 26 Office 2007 [72]
32 Błękitny Wieżowiec 52°14′39″N 21°00′09″E / 52.244148°N 21.002373°E / 52.244148; 21.002373 (Błękitny Wieżowiec) 100 (330) 29 Office 1991 [73]Also known by the English translation of its name, Blue Tower.

Tallest under construction or proposed

[edit]

Under construction

[edit]

The following table ranks skyscrapers and high-rises under construction in Warsaw that are expected to be at least 100 m (328 ft) tall as of 2025, based on standard height measurement. The “Year” column indicates the expected year of completion. Buildings that are on hold are not included.

Name Height

m (ft)

Floors Purpose Year Notes
Skyreach 170 (560) 48 Office 2026 [74]
Liberty Residences 150 (490) 43 Residential 2027 [75]
Towarowa 22 Office Tower 1 150 (490) 35 Office 2028 [76]
Upper One 131.5 (431) 34 Office 2026 [77]
Skyliner II 130 (430) 33 Office 2026 [78]
Studio A 102 (335) 26 Office 2025 [79]

Proposed

[edit]

The following table ranks approved and proposed skyscrapers in Warsaw that are expected to be at least 100 m (328 ft) tall as of 2025, based on standard height measurement. The “Year” column indicates the expected year of completion. A dash “–“ indicates information about the building’s height or year of completion is not available.

Name Height

m (ft)

Floors Purpose Year Status Notes
Oxford Tower II 248 (814) – – – Proposed [80]
Centralna Park 200 (660) – – – Proposed [81]
Nowa Emilia 196 (643) 40 – – Proposed [82]
Lilium Tower 193 (633) – Office – Approved [83]
Srebrna Tower 190 (620) 50 – – Proposed [84]
Warsaw One 187.8 (616) 43 Office – Approved [85]
Oxford Tower I 180 (590) – – – Proposed [80]
Roma Tower 170 (560) 46 – – Approved [86][87][88]
Port Praski 1 160 (520) – – – Approved [89]
Chmielna 75 150 (492) – – – Proposed [90]
Liberty Residence 140 (460) 41 Residential – Approved [91][92][93]
Chopin Tower 130 (430) – – – Approved [94]
Sobieski Tower 130 (430) 34 – – Approved [95]
Spark 130 (430) 30 – – Approved [96]
Towarowa 22 Tower 2 120 (394) – – – Approved [97]
Towarowa 22 Tower 3 110 (361) – – – Approved [97]
Marszałkowska 91-97 106 (348) – – – Proposed [98]
Biurowiec WAN 100 (330) 28 – – Proposed [99]

Timeline of tallest buildings

[edit]
Building Image Years as tallest Height

m (ft)

Floors
PAST Building 1908–1934 51.5 (169) 11
Prudential House[100] 1934–1955 66 (217) 18
Palace of Culture and Science 1955–2022 230.7 (757) 42
Varso Tower 2022–present 310 (1,020) 53

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^ Karol (2021-02-23). "Dizzy Heights: Warsaw's Skyscrapers". Warsaw Insider. Retrieved 2025-07-23.
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  5. ^ "Hotel Warszawa". Hotel Warszawa. Retrieved 2025-07-23.
  6. ^ "One Photo One Story: The Skyscraper that Became the Symbol of the Warsaw Uprising". Culture.pl. Retrieved 2025-07-23.
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  9. ^ "Prudential, historia jednego budynku". Retrieved 2019-05-30.
  10. ^ Dawson, Andrew H. (1999). "From Glittering Icon to...". The Geographical Journal. 165 (2): 154–160. Bibcode:1999GeogJ.165..154D. doi:10.2307/3060413. ISSN 0016-7398. JSTOR 3060413. Archived from the original on 17 February 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
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  12. ^ "Historia". Pałacu Kultury i Nauki (in Polish). Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 25 July 2008.
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  14. ^ Babe, Ann (26 February 2018). "The Movement to Destroy Warsaw's Tallest Building". Next City. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
  15. ^ "Top Politicos 'Dream' of Demolishing Stalinist Palace". Pulse.ng. 15 November 2017. Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
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  19. ^ Markowski, Mateusz (2024-01-24). "The former Forum Hotel is turning 50. It was an enclave of the West in socialist Warsaw". Magazyn WhiteMAD - moda, architektura, design w jednym miejscu. Retrieved 2025-07-23.
  20. ^ Pyka, Agata (2025-06-09). "Warsaw to demolish and replace communist-era skyscraper". Notes From Poland. Retrieved 2025-07-23.
  21. ^ "Warsaw skyline to change - Intraco demolition may be just the beginning". www.architekturaibiznes.pl. Retrieved 2025-07-23.
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