Pemirolast

Chemical compound

none

Legal statusLegal status

US: ℞-only
In general: ℞ (Prescription only)

Identifiers

IUPAC name

9-methyl-3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one

CAS Number

69372-19-6^Y

PubChem CID

57697

IUPHAR/BPS

7329

DrugBank

DB00885^N

ChemSpider

51990^N

UNII

2C09NV773M

KEGG

D07476^Y

ChEMBL

ChEMBL1201198^N

CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

DTXSID1048338

Chemical and physical dataFormulaC₁₀H₈N₆OMolar mass228.215 g·mol⁻¹3D model (JSmol)

Interactive image

SMILES

CC1=CC=CN2C1=NC=C(C2=O)C3=NNN=N3

^NY (what is this?) (verify)

Pemirolast (INN) is a mast cell stabilizer used as an anti-allergic drug therapy. It is marketed under the tradenames Alegysal and Alamast.

Clinical trials studying treatments for allergic conjunctivitis have found that an ophthalmic solution containing levocabastine with pemirolast potassium may be more effective in alleviating symptoms than levocabastine alone.^[2]

It has also been studied for the treatment of asthma.

Pemirolast has appeared as a possible candidate for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) spike protein disruption and interference. Such results were ascertained by molecular dynamics calculations executed on the Summit supercomputer. By simulating compounds with FDA or similar regulatory approval, the authors found 4 interfacial molecules that could potentially disrupt the SARS-CoV-2 interface with ACE-2 receptors, suggesting that such small molecules could mitigate SARS-CoV-2 infection. The 4 candidate interfacial molecules included pemirolast, isoniazid pyruvate, nitrofurantoin, and eriodictyol.^[3]

References

^ "Pemirolast ophthalmic (Alamast) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 2 September 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
^ Castillo M, Scott NW, Mustafa MZ, Mustafa MS, Azuara-Blanco A (2015). "Topical antihistamines and mast cell stabilisers for treating seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 (6): CD009566. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009566.pub2. hdl:2164/6048. PMC 10616535. PMID 26028608.
^ Smith, MD, Smith JC (April 2020). "Repurposing Therapeutics for COVID-19: Supercomputer-Based Docking to the SARS-CoV-2 Viral Spike Protein and Viral Spike Protein-Human ACE2 Interface". Preprint: 1–28.

Tinkelman DG, Berkowitz RB (February 1991). "A pilot study of pemirolast in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis". Ann Allergy. 66 (2): 162–5. PMID 1994787.
Kawashima T, Iwamoto I, Nakagawa N, Tomioka H, Yoshida S (1994). "Inhibitory effect of pemirolast, a novel antiallergic drug, on leukotriene C4 and granule protein release from human eosinophils". Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 103 (4): 405–9. doi:10.1159/000236662. PMID 8130655.
Abelson MB, Berdy GJ, Mundorf T, Amdahl LD, Graves AL (October 2002). "Pemirolast potassium 0.1% ophthalmic solution is an effective treatment for allergic conjunctivitis: a pooled analysis of two prospective, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, phase III studies". J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 18 (5): 475–88. doi:10.1089/10807680260362759. PMID 12419098.
Kemp JP, Bernstein IL, Bierman CW, et al. (June 1992). "Pemirolast, a new oral nonbronchodilator drug for chronic asthma". Ann Allergy. 68 (6): 488–91. PMID 1610024.